recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control of colas
Passage 3
The concept of “environment” is certainly difficult and may even be misunderstood; but we have no handy substitute. It seems simple enough to distinguish between the organism and the surrounding environment and to separate forces acting on an organism into those that are internal and biological and those that are external and environmental. But in actual practice this system breaks down in many ways, because the organism and the environment are constantly interacting so that the environment is modified by the organism and vice versa.
In the case of man, the difficulties with the environmental concept are even more complicated because we have to deal with man as an animal and with man as a bearer of culture. If we look at man as an animal and try to analyze the environmental forces that are acting on the organism, we find that we have to deal with things like climate, soil, plants, and such-like factors common to all biological situational but we also find, always, very important environmental influences that we can only class as “cultural”, which modify the physical and biological factors. But man, as we know him, is always a bearer of culture; and, if we study human culture, we find that it, in turn, is modified by the environmental factors of climate and geography. We thus easily get into great difficulties from the necessity of viewing culture, at one moment, as a part of the man and, at another moment, as a part of the environment.
21 Which of the following words can best describe the popular understanding of “environment” as the author sees it?
a. Elaborate b. Prejudiced c. Faultless d. Oversimplified
22 According to the author the concept of “environment” is difficult to explain because ______.
it doesn’t distinguish between the organism and the environment
it involves both internal and external forces
the organism and the environment influence each other
the relationship between the organism and the environment is unclear
23 In analyzing the environmental forces acting on man the author suggests that _____.biological factors are less important to the organism than cultural factors to man
man and other animals are modified equally by the environ-mental forces
man is modified by the cultural environment as well as by the natural environment
physical and biological factors exert more influence on other organisms than on man
24As for culture, the author points out that ______.it develops side by side with environmental factors
it is also affected by environmental factors
it is generally accepted to be part of the environment
it is a product of man’s biological instincts
25 In this passage, the author is primarily concerned with ______.the interpretation of the term “environment”
the discussion on organisms and biological environment
the comparison between internal and external factors influencing man
the evaluation of man’s influence on culture
Passage 4The speaker, a teacher from a community college, addressed a sympathetic audience. Heads nodded in agreement when he said, “High school English teachers are not doing their jobs.” He described the inadequacies of his students, all high school graduates who can use language only at a grade 9 level. I was unable to determine from his answers to my questions how this grade 9 level had been established.
My topic is neither standards nor its decline. What the speaker was really saying is that he is no longer young; he has been teaching for sixteen years, and is able to think and speak like a mature adult.
My point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one immediately following it is inevitable. It is also human nature to look for the reasons for our dissatisfaction. Before English became a school subject in the late nineteenth century, it was difficult to find the target of the blame for language deficiency. But since then, English teachers have been under constant attack.
The complainers think they have hit upon an original idea. As their own command of the language improves, they notice that young people do not have this same ability. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect. To the eyes and ears of sensitive adults the language of the young always seems inadequate.
Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to today’s young people, it naturally follows that today’s English teachers cannot be doing their jobs, otherwise, young people would not commit offenses against the language.
26 The speaker the author mentioned in the passage believed that _______.
the language of the younger generation is usually inferior to that of the older generation
the students had a poor command of English because they didn’t work hard enough
he was an excellent language teacher because he had been teaching English for sixteen years
English teachers should be held responsible for the students’ poor command of English
27 In the author’s opinion, the speaker ______.gave a correct judgment of the English level of the students
had exaggerated the language problems of the students
was right in saying that English teachers were not doing their jobs
