国家开放大学《中国古代文化常识》形考任务一23秋[答案] 题目类型： 单选题 题目： "七月流火"这一天文现象最早见于下列哪一篇典籍? 选项： 《诗经·豳风·七月》 《诗经·唐风·绸缪》 《诗经
国家开放大学《管理英语4》单元自测2（10分）23秋[答案]
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
— if you can't say what you've come to say at the meeting, what's the point? —____________________,but i think you might need to change your approach somewhat.
选项：
i am not sure
i can see that
i know that
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
—____________________identify the problems that have been occurring?—well, as you know, the problems we had with gary caused a lot of friction among the team.
选项：
what would you
will you
are you able to
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
what you need to do is to keep things short and sweet, just the ______.
选项：
questions
topics
highlights
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
effective leaders distill complex thoughts and strategies into simple, memorable terms __________ colleagues and customers can grasp and act upon.
选项：
when
that
who
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
every time i tried to say something, he would ______ to something else.
选项：
move off
move on
move over
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,完成选择题(共50分). communication failure the meaning of "communication" goes a lot deeper than people often think. communication is about conceiving, sending, receiving, and interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messages. a failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication. ineffective communication can be disastrous. there is a famous story of a british army commander who sent the message "send reinforcements, we're going to advance." back to his command center, through a long chain of subordinates. when the message finally reached the command center, it had "mutated" to become -- "send three and four-pence, we're going to a dance." the reinforcements never arrived. you can demonstrate this same principle, albeit on a less dramatic scale, by trying to play chinese whispers with more than 20 people. it is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with. in a business, there are three main types of communication failure. each has its own indicative signs. •the first type is known as allocative failure. this occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (most often), the information is not reaching the right points. the firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demand. if demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failure, then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing. if the inverse happens, there will be a surplus of stocks and overstaffing. •the second type is executive failure, where communication to trigger specific events/actions is either late, lacking or in error. the symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in the company or departments, a loss of co-ordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all. •the final type is human failure. this occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communication. this leads to alienated staff, an increase in staff turnover, an increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staff. creativity, especially that which takes place across departmental boundaries, is likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips. 操作提示:通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案. confirming reception of the sent messages means 1 . a. the messages are sent to right receivers b. the messages are correctly understood c. the messages are correctly understood by right receivers 2. in the famous british army commander story, which step probably did not go wrong in the communication chain? 2 a. conceiving. b. sending. c. receiving. 3. what is chinese whispers? 3 a. who whispers in chinese. b. a game to pass message around in a whisper. c. chinese people who don't normally talk very loudly. 4. allocative failure does not happen when 4 . a. the right information goes to the right place b. a company gathers false information c. the correct information is not received by the right department or person 5. according to the passage, which of the following cases does not belong to human failure? 5 a. decreasing creativity across departments. b. inadequate communication between departments. c. increasing customer complaints.__1__
选项：
a
b
c
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,完成选择题(共50分). communication failure the meaning of "communication" goes a lot deeper than people often think. communication is about conceiving, sending, receiving, and interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messages. a failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication. ineffective communication can be disastrous. there is a famous story of a british army commander who sent the message "send reinforcements, we're going to advance." back to his command center, through a long chain of subordinates. when the message finally reached the command center, it had "mutated" to become -- "send three and four-pence, we're going to a dance." the reinforcements never arrived. you can demonstrate this same principle, albeit on a less dramatic scale, by trying to play chinese whispers with more than 20 people. it is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with. in a business, there are three main types of communication failure. each has its own indicative signs. •the first type is known as allocative failure. this occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (most often), the information is not reaching the right points. the firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demand. if demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failure, then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing. if the inverse happens, there will be a surplus of stocks and overstaffing. •the second type is executive failure, where communication to trigger specific events/actions is either late, lacking or in error. the symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in the company or departments, a loss of co-ordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all. •the final type is human failure. this occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communication. this leads to alienated staff, an increase in staff turnover, an increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staff. creativity, especially that which takes place across departmental boundaries, is likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips. 操作提示:通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案. confirming reception of the sent messages means 1 . a. the messages are sent to right receivers b. the messages are correctly understood c. the messages are correctly understood by right receivers 2. in the famous british army commander story, which step probably did not go wrong in the communication chain? 2 a. conceiving. b. sending. c. receiving. 3. what is chinese whispers? 3 a. who whispers in chinese. b. a game to pass message around in a whisper. c. chinese people who don't normally talk very loudly. 4. allocative failure does not happen when 4 . a. the right information goes to the right place b. a company gathers false information c. the correct information is not received by the right department or person 5. according to the passage, which of the following cases does not belong to human failure? 5 a. decreasing creativity across departments. b. inadequate communication between departments. c. increasing customer complaints.__2__
选项：
a
b
c
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,完成选择题(共50分). communication failure the meaning of "communication" goes a lot deeper than people often think. communication is about conceiving, sending, receiving, and interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messages. a failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication. ineffective communication can be disastrous. there is a famous story of a british army commander who sent the message "send reinforcements, we're going to advance." back to his command center, through a long chain of subordinates. when the message finally reached the command center, it had "mutated" to become -- "send three and four-pence, we're going to a dance." the reinforcements never arrived. you can demonstrate this same principle, albeit on a less dramatic scale, by trying to play chinese whispers with more than 20 people. it is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with. in a business, there are three main types of communication failure. each has its own indicative signs. •the first type is known as allocative failure. this occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (most often), the information is not reaching the right points. the firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demand. if demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failure, then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing. if the inverse happens, there will be a surplus of stocks and overstaffing. •the second type is executive failure, where communication to trigger specific events/actions is either late, lacking or in error. the symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in the company or departments, a loss of co-ordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all. •the final type is human failure. this occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communication. this leads to alienated staff, an increase in staff turnover, an increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staff. creativity, especially that which takes place across departmental boundaries, is likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips. 操作提示:通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案. confirming reception of the sent messages means 1 . a. the messages are sent to right receivers b. the messages are correctly understood c. the messages are correctly understood by right receivers 2. in the famous british army commander story, which step probably did not go wrong in the communication chain? 2 a. conceiving. b. sending. c. receiving. 3. what is chinese whispers? 3 a. who whispers in chinese. b. a game to pass message around in a whisper. c. chinese people who don't normally talk very loudly. 4. allocative failure does not happen when 4 . a. the right information goes to the right place b. a company gathers false information c. the correct information is not received by the right department or person 5. according to the passage, which of the following cases does not belong to human failure? 5 a. decreasing creativity across departments. b. inadequate communication between departments. c. increasing customer complaints.__3__
选项：
a
b
c
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,完成选择题(共50分). communication failure the meaning of "communication" goes a lot deeper than people often think. communication is about conceiving, sending, receiving, and interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messages. a failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication. ineffective communication can be disastrous. there is a famous story of a british army commander who sent the message "send reinforcements, we're going to advance." back to his command center, through a long chain of subordinates. when the message finally reached the command center, it had "mutated" to become -- "send three and four-pence, we're going to a dance." the reinforcements never arrived. you can demonstrate this same principle, albeit on a less dramatic scale, by trying to play chinese whispers with more than 20 people. it is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with. in a business, there are three main types of communication failure. each has its own indicative signs. •the first type is known as allocative failure. this occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (most often), the information is not reaching the right points. the firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demand. if demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failure, then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing. if the inverse happens, there will be a surplus of stocks and overstaffing. •the second type is executive failure, where communication to trigger specific events/actions is either late, lacking or in error. the symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in the company or departments, a loss of co-ordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all. •the final type is human failure. this occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communication. this leads to alienated staff, an increase in staff turnover, an increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staff. creativity, especially that which takes place across departmental boundaries, is likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips. 操作提示:通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案. confirming reception of the sent messages means 1 . a. the messages are sent to right receivers b. the messages are correctly understood c. the messages are correctly understood by right receivers 2. in the famous british army commander story, which step probably did not go wrong in the communication chain? 2 a. conceiving. b. sending. c. receiving. 3. what is chinese whispers? 3 a. who whispers in chinese. b. a game to pass message around in a whisper. c. chinese people who don't normally talk very loudly. 4. allocative failure does not happen when 4 . a. the right information goes to the right place b. a company gathers false information c. the correct information is not received by the right department or person 5. according to the passage, which of the following cases does not belong to human failure? 5 a. decreasing creativity across departments. b. inadequate communication between departments. c. increasing customer complaints.__4__
选项：
a
b
c
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,完成选择题(共50分). communication failure the meaning of "communication" goes a lot deeper than people often think. communication is about conceiving, sending, receiving, and interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messages. a failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication. ineffective communication can be disastrous. there is a famous story of a british army commander who sent the message "send reinforcements, we're going to advance." back to his command center, through a long chain of subordinates. when the message finally reached the command center, it had "mutated" to become -- "send three and four-pence, we're going to a dance." the reinforcements never arrived. you can demonstrate this same principle, albeit on a less dramatic scale, by trying to play chinese whispers with more than 20 people. it is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with. in a business, there are three main types of communication failure. each has its own indicative signs. •the first type is known as allocative failure. this occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (most often), the information is not reaching the right points. the firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demand. if demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failure, then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing. if the inverse happens, there will be a surplus of stocks and overstaffing. •the second type is executive failure, where communication to trigger specific events/actions is either late, lacking or in error. the symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in the company or departments, a loss of co-ordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all. •the final type is human failure. this occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communication. this leads to alienated staff, an increase in staff turnover, an increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staff. creativity, especially that which takes place across departmental boundaries, is likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips. 操作提示:通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案. confirming reception of the sent messages means 1 . a. the messages are sent to right receivers b. the messages are correctly understood c. the messages are correctly understood by right receivers 2. in the famous british army commander story, which step probably did not go wrong in the communication chain? 2 a. conceiving. b. sending. c. receiving. 3. what is chinese whispers? 3 a. who whispers in chinese. b. a game to pass message around in a whisper. c. chinese people who don't normally talk very loudly. 4. allocative failure does not happen when 4 . a. the right information goes to the right place b. a company gathers false information c. the correct information is not received by the right department or person 5. according to the passage, which of the following cases does not belong to human failure? 5 a. decreasing creativity across departments. b. inadequate communication between departments. c. increasing customer complaints.__5__
选项：
a
b
c
题目类型：
完形填空
题目：
二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,完成选择题(共50分). communication failure the meaning of "communication" goes a lot deeper than people often think. communication is about conceiving, sending, receiving, and interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messages. a failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication. ineffective communication can be disastrous. there is a famous story of a british army commander who sent the message "send reinforcements, we're going to advance." back to his command center, through a long chain of subordinates. when the message finally reached the command center, it had "mutated" to become -- "send three and four-pence, we're going to a dance." the reinforcements never arrived. you can demonstrate this same principle, albeit on a less dramatic scale, by trying to play chinese whispers with more than 20 people. it is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with. in a business, there are three main types of communication failure. each has its own indicative signs. •the first type is known as allocative failure. this occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (most often), the information is not reaching the right points. the firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demand. if demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failure, then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing. if the inverse happens, there will be a surplus of stocks and overstaffing. •the second type is executive failure, where communication to trigger specific events/actions is either late, lacking or in error. the symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in the company or departments, a loss of co-ordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all. •the final type is human failure. this occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communication. this leads to alienated staff, an increase in staff turnover, an increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staff. creativity, especially that which takes place across departmental boundaries, is likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips. 操作提示:通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案. confirming reception of the sent messages means 1 . a. the messages are sent to right receivers b. the messages are correctly understood c. the messages are correctly understood by right receivers 2. in the famous british army commander story, which step probably did not go wrong in the communication chain? 2 a. conceiving. b. sending. c. receiving. 3. what is chinese whispers? 3 a. who whispers in chinese. b. a game to pass message around in a whisper. c. chinese people who don't normally talk very loudly. 4. allocative failure does not happen when 4 . a. the right information goes to the right place b. a company gathers false information c. the correct information is not received by the right department or person 5. according to the passage, which of the following cases does not belong to human failure? 5 a. decreasing creativity across departments. b. inadequate communication between departments. c. increasing customer complaints.
选项：
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
— if you can't say what you've come to say at the meeting, what's the point? —____________________,but i think you might need to change your approach somewhat.
选项：
i am not sure
i can see that
i know that
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
—____________________identify the problems that have been occurring?—well, as you know, the problems we had with gary caused a lot of friction among the team.
选项：
what would you
will you
are you able to
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
what you need to do is to keep things short and sweet, just the ______.
选项：
questions
topics
highlights
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
effective leaders distill complex thoughts and strategies into simple, memorable terms __________ colleagues and customers can grasp and act upon.
选项：
when
that
who
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
every time i tried to say something, he would ______ to something else.
选项：
move off
move on
move over
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,完成选择题(共50分). communication failure the meaning of "communication" goes a lot deeper than people often think. communication is about conceiving, sending, receiving, and interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messages. a failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication. ineffective communication can be disastrous. there is a famous story of a british army commander who sent the message "send reinforcements, we're going to advance." back to his command center, through a long chain of subordinates. when the message finally reached the command center, it had "mutated" to become -- "send three and four-pence, we're going to a dance." the reinforcements never arrived. you can demonstrate this same principle, albeit on a less dramatic scale, by trying to play chinese whispers with more than 20 people. it is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with. in a business, there are three main types of communication failure. each has its own indicative signs. •the first type is known as allocative failure. this occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (most often), the information is not reaching the right points. the firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demand. if demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failure, then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing. if the inverse happens, there will be a surplus of stocks and overstaffing. •the second type is executive failure, where communication to trigger specific events/actions is either late, lacking or in error. the symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in the company or departments, a loss of co-ordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all. •the final type is human failure. this occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communication. this leads to alienated staff, an increase in staff turnover, an increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staff. creativity, especially that which takes place across departmental boundaries, is likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips. 操作提示:通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案. confirming reception of the sent messages means 1 . a. the messages are sent to right receivers b. the messages are correctly understood c. the messages are correctly understood by right receivers 2. in the famous british army commander story, which step probably did not go wrong in the communication chain? 2 a. conceiving. b. sending. c. receiving. 3. what is chinese whispers? 3 a. who whispers in chinese. b. a game to pass message around in a whisper. c. chinese people who don't normally talk very loudly. 4. allocative failure does not happen when 4 . a. the right information goes to the right place b. a company gathers false information c. the correct information is not received by the right department or person 5. according to the passage, which of the following cases does not belong to human failure? 5 a. decreasing creativity across departments. b. inadequate communication between departments. c. increasing customer complaints.__1__
选项：
a
b
c
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,完成选择题(共50分). communication failure the meaning of "communication" goes a lot deeper than people often think. communication is about conceiving, sending, receiving, and interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messages. a failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication. ineffective communication can be disastrous. there is a famous story of a british army commander who sent the message "send reinforcements, we're going to advance." back to his command center, through a long chain of subordinates. when the message finally reached the command center, it had "mutated" to become -- "send three and four-pence, we're going to a dance." the reinforcements never arrived. you can demonstrate this same principle, albeit on a less dramatic scale, by trying to play chinese whispers with more than 20 people. it is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with. in a business, there are three main types of communication failure. each has its own indicative signs. •the first type is known as allocative failure. this occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (most often), the information is not reaching the right points. the firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demand. if demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failure, then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing. if the inverse happens, there will be a surplus of stocks and overstaffing. •the second type is executive failure, where communication to trigger specific events/actions is either late, lacking or in error. the symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in the company or departments, a loss of co-ordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all. •the final type is human failure. this occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communication. this leads to alienated staff, an increase in staff turnover, an increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staff. creativity, especially that which takes place across departmental boundaries, is likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips. 操作提示:通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案. confirming reception of the sent messages means 1 . a. the messages are sent to right receivers b. the messages are correctly understood c. the messages are correctly understood by right receivers 2. in the famous british army commander story, which step probably did not go wrong in the communication chain? 2 a. conceiving. b. sending. c. receiving. 3. what is chinese whispers? 3 a. who whispers in chinese. b. a game to pass message around in a whisper. c. chinese people who don't normally talk very loudly. 4. allocative failure does not happen when 4 . a. the right information goes to the right place b. a company gathers false information c. the correct information is not received by the right department or person 5. according to the passage, which of the following cases does not belong to human failure? 5 a. decreasing creativity across departments. b. inadequate communication between departments. c. increasing customer complaints.__2__
选项：
a
b
c
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,完成选择题(共50分). communication failure the meaning of "communication" goes a lot deeper than people often think. communication is about conceiving, sending, receiving, and interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messages. a failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication. ineffective communication can be disastrous. there is a famous story of a british army commander who sent the message "send reinforcements, we're going to advance." back to his command center, through a long chain of subordinates. when the message finally reached the command center, it had "mutated" to become -- "send three and four-pence, we're going to a dance." the reinforcements never arrived. you can demonstrate this same principle, albeit on a less dramatic scale, by trying to play chinese whispers with more than 20 people. it is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with. in a business, there are three main types of communication failure. each has its own indicative signs. •the first type is known as allocative failure. this occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (most often), the information is not reaching the right points. the firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demand. if demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failure, then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing. if the inverse happens, there will be a surplus of stocks and overstaffing. •the second type is executive failure, where communication to trigger specific events/actions is either late, lacking or in error. the symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in the company or departments, a loss of co-ordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all. •the final type is human failure. this occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communication. this leads to alienated staff, an increase in staff turnover, an increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staff. creativity, especially that which takes place across departmental boundaries, is likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips. 操作提示:通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案. confirming reception of the sent messages means 1 . a. the messages are sent to right receivers b. the messages are correctly understood c. the messages are correctly understood by right receivers 2. in the famous british army commander story, which step probably did not go wrong in the communication chain? 2 a. conceiving. b. sending. c. receiving. 3. what is chinese whispers? 3 a. who whispers in chinese. b. a game to pass message around in a whisper. c. chinese people who don't normally talk very loudly. 4. allocative failure does not happen when 4 . a. the right information goes to the right place b. a company gathers false information c. the correct information is not received by the right department or person 5. according to the passage, which of the following cases does not belong to human failure? 5 a. decreasing creativity across departments. b. inadequate communication between departments. c. increasing customer complaints.__3__
选项：
a
b
c
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,完成选择题(共50分). communication failure the meaning of "communication" goes a lot deeper than people often think. communication is about conceiving, sending, receiving, and interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messages. a failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication. ineffective communication can be disastrous. there is a famous story of a british army commander who sent the message "send reinforcements, we're going to advance." back to his command center, through a long chain of subordinates. when the message finally reached the command center, it had "mutated" to become -- "send three and four-pence, we're going to a dance." the reinforcements never arrived. you can demonstrate this same principle, albeit on a less dramatic scale, by trying to play chinese whispers with more than 20 people. it is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with. in a business, there are three main types of communication failure. each has its own indicative signs. •the first type is known as allocative failure. this occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (most often), the information is not reaching the right points. the firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demand. if demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failure, then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing. if the inverse happens, there will be a surplus of stocks and overstaffing. •the second type is executive failure, where communication to trigger specific events/actions is either late, lacking or in error. the symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in the company or departments, a loss of co-ordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all. •the final type is human failure. this occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communication. this leads to alienated staff, an increase in staff turnover, an increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staff. creativity, especially that which takes place across departmental boundaries, is likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips. 操作提示:通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案. confirming reception of the sent messages means 1 . a. the messages are sent to right receivers b. the messages are correctly understood c. the messages are correctly understood by right receivers 2. in the famous british army commander story, which step probably did not go wrong in the communication chain? 2 a. conceiving. b. sending. c. receiving. 3. what is chinese whispers? 3 a. who whispers in chinese. b. a game to pass message around in a whisper. c. chinese people who don't normally talk very loudly. 4. allocative failure does not happen when 4 . a. the right information goes to the right place b. a company gathers false information c. the correct information is not received by the right department or person 5. according to the passage, which of the following cases does not belong to human failure? 5 a. decreasing creativity across departments. b. inadequate communication between departments. c. increasing customer complaints.__4__
选项：
a
b
c
题目类型：
单选题
题目：
二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,完成选择题(共50分). communication failure the meaning of "communication" goes a lot deeper than people often think. communication is about conceiving, sending, receiving, and interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messages. a failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication. ineffective communication can be disastrous. there is a famous story of a british army commander who sent the message "send reinforcements, we're going to advance." back to his command center, through a long chain of subordinates. when the message finally reached the command center, it had "mutated" to become -- "send three and four-pence, we're going to a dance." the reinforcements never arrived. you can demonstrate this same principle, albeit on a less dramatic scale, by trying to play chinese whispers with more than 20 people. it is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with. in a business, there are three main types of communication failure. each has its own indicative signs. •the first type is known as allocative failure. this occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (most often), the information is not reaching the right points. the firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demand. if demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failure, then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing. if the inverse happens, there will be a surplus of stocks and overstaffing. •the second type is executive failure, where communication to trigger specific events/actions is either late, lacking or in error. the symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in the company or departments, a loss of co-ordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all. •the final type is human failure. this occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communication. this leads to alienated staff, an increase in staff turnover, an increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staff. creativity, especially that which takes place across departmental boundaries, is likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips. 操作提示:通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案. confirming reception of the sent messages means 1 . a. the messages are sent to right receivers b. the messages are correctly understood c. the messages are correctly understood by right receivers 2. in the famous british army commander story, which step probably did not go wrong in the communication chain? 2 a. conceiving. b. sending. c. receiving. 3. what is chinese whispers? 3 a. who whispers in chinese. b. a game to pass message around in a whisper. c. chinese people who don't normally talk very loudly. 4. allocative failure does not happen when 4 . a. the right information goes to the right place b. a company gathers false information c. the correct information is not received by the right department or person 5. according to the passage, which of the following cases does not belong to human failure? 5 a. decreasing creativity across departments. b. inadequate communication between departments. c. increasing customer complaints.__5__
选项：
a
b
c
题目类型：
完形填空
题目：
二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,完成选择题(共50分). communication failure the meaning of "communication" goes a lot deeper than people often think. communication is about conceiving, sending, receiving, and interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messages. a failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication. ineffective communication can be disastrous. there is a famous story of a british army commander who sent the message "send reinforcements, we're going to advance." back to his command center, through a long chain of subordinates. when the message finally reached the command center, it had "mutated" to become -- "send three and four-pence, we're going to a dance." the reinforcements never arrived. you can demonstrate this same principle, albeit on a less dramatic scale, by trying to play chinese whispers with more than 20 people. it is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with. in a business, there are three main types of communication failure. each has its own indicative signs. •the first type is known as allocative failure. this occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (most often), the information is not reaching the right points. the firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demand. if demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failure, then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing. if the inverse happens, there will be a surplus of stocks and overstaffing. •the second type is executive failure, where communication to trigger specific events/actions is either late, lacking or in error. the symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in the company or departments, a loss of co-ordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all. •the final type is human failure. this occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communication. this leads to alienated staff, an increase in staff turnover, an increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staff. creativity, especially that which takes place across departmental boundaries, is likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips. 操作提示:通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案. confirming reception of the sent messages means 1 . a. the messages are sent to right receivers b. the messages are correctly understood c. the messages are correctly understood by right receivers 2. in the famous british army commander story, which step probably did not go wrong in the communication chain? 2 a. conceiving. b. sending. c. receiving. 3. what is chinese whispers? 3 a. who whispers in chinese. b. a game to pass message around in a whisper. c. chinese people who don't normally talk very loudly. 4. allocative failure does not happen when 4 . a. the right information goes to the right place b. a company gathers false information c. the correct information is not received by the right department or person 5. according to the passage, which of the following cases does not belong to human failure? 5 a. decreasing creativity across departments. b. inadequate communication between departments. c. increasing customer complaints.
选项：
